VARIOLA VIRUS Essay examples -- Essays Papers

VARIOLA VIRUSSMALLPOX INTRODUCTION The Variola virus, which is the nigh virulent member of Genus Orthopoxvirus, is the causative element of variola major virus. It specifically infects humans. The primary causation for infection in humans is due to its ability to evade the swarm immune responses, and avoid complement activation. Over the centuries, this naturally occurring virus has dust throughout the earth, through various environments, to cause severe outbreaks. The most death outbreak had a case-fatality rate of 40 percent in individuals who shed not been vaccinated.The Variola virus is a double-stranded DNA virus. It has two envelopes the outer(prenominal) envelope is present only in the extracellular state. The outer heighten or the core membrane, which surrounds the core of the virus, contains lipids and proteins and has a complex symmetry. The core, which has a dumbbell-shape, contains a large amount of the double-stranded DNA (186kbp), about 10 enzymes to mediate b roker expression and lots of nucleoproteins- both specific and common. These proteins are involved in DNA transcription, as well as inducing cross-reactive immunity (IOM, 1999). The blank space outside the core contains lateral bodies which do not have all known functions. There are two get ups of the variola major virus virus variola major and variola minor. Variola major is the lethal emphasise, while variola minor is not lethal, but a mild strain, which is very alike to major but is only genetically different. The most common strain is the variola major, which produces the more severe symptoms, and with a fatality rate of 20% to 40%, within the 7th day of infection. The variola minor is the milder form of the disease that has a death rate of less than 1%. live infection from... ...o, Pere, MD. Smallpox The Triumph Over the Most Terrible of the Ministers of Death. narration of Internal Medicine. 1997 127635- 42. Ellner, P.D. Smallpox Gone but Not Forgotten. Infection. 19 98 26 (5) 263-9.CDC overview www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/vaccination/facts.aspCDC overview2 www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/overview/disease-facts.aspCDC vaccine www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/vaccination/contraindictions-public.aspKoplow, David. Smallpox The Fight to Eradicate a Global Scourge. 2003IOM(Institute of Medicine) blistering Variola Virus committee on the assessment of future scientific needs for live variola virus. National Academy Press 1999. mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). October 1, 2002http//www.mayoclinic.com/invoke.cfm?id=ds00424Nature Reviews Immunology 2, 544 (2002) doi10.1038/nri868